[28] However, cormorants likely originated much later, and these are likely misidentifications. During the hunt, the fish dont only locate their prey from above, but after they dive they also actively pursue it into the water. Nest materials may be cemented together with guano. [19][20], The cormorants and the darters have a unique bone on the back of the top of the skull known as the os nuchale or occipital style which was called a xiphoid process in early literature. They need suitable nesting sites with feeding areas nearby. colonial water birds. adult will arch its neck, take the head of the chick into its mouth, and pursuit of fish. While resting, they clean their feathers and stretch their wings out in the sun. [30], Phylogenetic evidence indicates that the cormorants diverged from their closest relatives, the darters, during the Late Oligocene, indicating that most of the claims of Cretaceous or early Paleogene cormorant occurrences are likely misidentifications.[29]. During breeding season, they nest on rocky islands or cliffs, usually on the ground but sometimes in stunted conifers. & Mougin, J.L. 1 Kenmare-Bowbells beats Carrington, remains undefeated, Lisa Marie Presley dies at 54 after hospitalization, Bismarck extends homeless initiative; annual North Dakota homeless count set, Five Finger Death Punch, Whiskey Myers, Jelly Roll to perform at North Dakota State Fair. The cormorant isn't only a bird with incredible capabilities; it also represents a certain risk to the environment. [18] In 2014, a landmark study proposed a 7 genera treatment, which was adopted by the IUCN Red List and BirdLife International, and later by the IOC in 2021, standardizing it. Dives may last from 20 to 25 seconds or more, and between dives the birds Some species are more widespread, while others have very small ranges. Great Cormorant. they can have significant local impacts. Please subscribe to keep reading. When the bird captures and tries to swallow a large fish, the fish is caught in the bird's throat. The plugged nostrils in the adult are an Cormorants and Shags (Order: Suliformes, Family: Phalacrocoracidae) Brandt's Cormorant Red-faced Cormorant Pelagic Cormorant Great Cormorant Double-crested Cormorant Neotropic Cormorant Browse Species in This Family More to Read Living Bird Magazine When Dams and Dredging Alter an Ecosystem, Blame It on Cormorants Students To further aid in capturing slippery fish, cormorants have long beaks that have a sharp hook at the end. The bill is long, thin, and sharply hooked. However, exceptions have been documented To meet obligations under the MBTA, all Service actions must be compatible with the conservation of migratory species. A multigene molecular phylogenetic study published in 2014 provided a genus-level phylogeny of the family. Seven cool cormorant facts Cormorants have relatively short wings due to their need to swim. the side of the nest. Cormorants may nest This opens up the possibility of cormorants and other aquatic birds having special adaptations for underwater hearing and making use of underwater acoustic cues from, e.g . Guano produced by cormorants is valued as a fertilizer. In Gifu, the Japanese cormorant (P. capillatus) is used; Chinese fishermen often employ great cormorants (P. species that rely on these habitats. Fledglings appear clumsy, naked and blind, eyes open only a few days later. Shooting allows for a rapid reduction in cormorant numbers. Nesting trees and structures are usually located in or near the water This page was last edited on 20 December 2022, at 13:40. This latter group is certainly not a natural one, and even after the tropicbirds have been recognised as quite distinct, the remaining Pelecaniformes seem not to be entirely monophyletic. handle (e.g., eels or spiny fish), at the surface. Prior to 2021, the IOC classified all these species in just Microcarbo, Phalacrocorax, and Leucocarbo. The two primary migration routes are down the Connect mutations to adaptations. Antarctica, "Cormorant" is a contraction derived either directly from Latin corvus marinus, "sea raven" or through Brythonic Celtic. Many individuals in zoos were rescued by humans due to injury or illness, and cannot survive in the wild. night herons, as well as some waterfowl. It is regularly seen roosting near the water on trees, snags, beaches and rocky cliffs with its wings hanging open to dry in the sun. pelicans all have the same filthy stinky nests. The interactions between colonial water-birds and vegetation are The flightless cormorant's strange adaptations came from its isolation on the Galapagos Islands (beaches of Isabella and Fernandina) and the flightless cormo. Phalacrocorax auritus. under nest trees can kill understory vegetation important for nesting The Little Pied Cormorant is at home in either fresh or salt water. Population trends and reproductive success of the European shag Phalacrocorax aristotelis on the Iberian Peninsula following the Prestige oil spill. indet. Chicks then remain in the nest for a further two months. These adaptations include a short, blunt stout, a long, flat, incredibly strong tail that propels it through the water, and a special gland that allows it to expel excess salt from its body. Wikipedia showed an oblique-angled picture of this cormorant's Flightless Cormorant Diet The prefered cormorant diet consist of eel and octopus. For details, see the article "List of cormorant species". Temmicks cormorant), Neotropic cormorant (a.k.a. These birds mostly prefer diving in waters that are 30 feet deep whereas, they can also dive deeper; up to 100 feet to reach the bottom of the waters. Another adaptation for swimming to great depths is two layers of Sometimes the same species is called a cormorant in one part of the world and a shag in another, e.g., the great cormorant is called the black shag in New Zealand (the birds found in Australasia have a crest that is absent in European members of the species). predigested fish, then partially digested fish then fish Non-native fish are an important part of the cormorant's diet. All cormorants and shags are fish-eaters, dining on small eels, fish, and even water snakes. to 100s of birds, especially when preying on small schooling fish. In clutch there are cormorants, there are up to five eggs that are greenish color. Cormorant reproduction usually takes place once a year shortly before spring. Visit some of the most beautiful arrays of wildlife on Earth. their prey into the air, catch it, and swallow it head first. They hunt by deep diving to the ocean floor using their powerful hind legs. The Little Pied Cormorant mixes readily with the equally sized Little Black Cormorant, P. sulcirostris. inhabit lakes, ponds, slow-moving rivers, lagoons, estuaries, and open coastlines. cormorants can affect the persistence of plant communities and other wildlife Location: Southern hemisphere from New Zealand and southern end of South America down through the Antarctic. Cormorants dive for and feed mainly on fish of little value to man. double-crested was finally answered by my computer. This means that this feature is actually an adaptation that enhances their ability to dive. Even the technique of using the distribution and relationships of a species to figure out where it came from, biogeography, usually very informative, does not give very specific data for this probably rather ancient and widespread group. have their lone crest in the middle of their crown and it is there A Late Oligocene fossil cormorant foot from Enspel, Germany, sometimes placed herein, would then be referable to Nectornis if it proves not to be too distinct. sand spits and barrier beaches. Also, because they all have certain aquatic habits, theyre restricted to living near bodies of water such as rivers, streams, lakes, and seas. Hence, at least the modern diversity of Sulae probably originated in the southern hemisphere. Double-crested cormorant populations, greatly affected by habitat loss caused in part by the drought of the 1930s and by pesticides, have increased significantly in recent years, and their populations are now . Voice Deep guteral call when at the colony. In fact, if all specimens with this common name are taken into account, it could be said that theyre cosmopolitan. The inner layer is for insulation, so the bird can stay Flexible foraging techniques in breeding Cormorants Phalacrocorax carbo and Shags Phalacrocorax aristotelis: benthic or pelagic feeding?. When on water they swim low with their bill raised, and often dive with a leap from the water's surface. impact on vegetation at breeding and roosting sites through normal nesting In the Upper Midwest cormorants prefer to nest in dead flooded These birds have a look at the tip of their long and powerful bill which is yellow and black. a cormorant. carbo). Shooting can be most effective on breeding colonies, where large numbers of bird congregate each day, although open-water shooting and removal at night roosts also can be used to protect specific sites. They are the largest members of the cormorant family . Traditional forms of ukai can be seen on the Nagara River in the city of Gifu, Gifu Prefecture, where cormorant fishing has continued uninterrupted for 1300 years, or in the city of Inuyama, Aichi. However, combining the available evidence suggests that there has also been a great deal of convergent evolution; for example the cliff shags are a convergent paraphyletic group. The nest is a well-made platform of sticks or seaweed cemented together with guano and placed in a tree, on a cliff or rocky island. The original ancestor of cormorants seems to have been a fresh-water bird. Almost always found on salt or brackish water, Brandt's Cormorants inhabit rocky shorelines and open ocean. Ibis, 140(1), 113-119. The Cormorant has adapted in many ways. [citation needed] They range around the world, except for the central Pacific islands. With their relatively short wings, webbed feet, blunted and hooked bills - they excel at underwater hunting. Colour is one other widespread adaptation. Diet Fish Cormorant feeds mainly on fish, supplemented in freshwater by crustaceans, various aquatic insects and frogs. These Some authorities such as the Clements Checklist have just two genera, Microcarbo with 5 species, and the rest in Phalacrocorax. Sign up for our newsletter to keep reading. platform nest composed of twigs, branches, and other plant materials. The contents of My Animals are written for informational purposes. Falkland Islands, They can be difficult to spot when on the water's surface, as they keep their body low, sometimes only their head and neck showing. In fact, several Asian cultures have traditionally used trained cormorants for fishing. Habitat. HDS25-24 This is thanks to two main factors: their powerful webbed feet that propel them and their plumage that is adapted to water, which facilitates immersion. Cormorants consume all fish of appropriate size that they are able to catch in summer and noticeably select for larger, mostly torpedo-shaped fish in winter. In April, the pair begins construction of an elevated Single pairs may nest alone. The Cormorant is a large, black, fish-eating bird with a long, hook-tipped bill. undigested. Cormorants have relatively short wings due to their need to swim. (Kenneth J. Johnson is a retired Bismarck physician and While the Leucocarbonines are almost certainly of southern Pacific originpossibly even the Antarctic which, at the time when cormorants evolved, was not yet ice-coveredall that can be said about the Phalacrocoracines is that they are most diverse in the regions bordering the Indian Ocean, but generally occur over a large area. bones have in cormorant nests, indicating that the adults do It is specific as it is the only cormorant that has lost the tendency to fly. . roosts and daytime resting or loafing areas during all seasons. irreversible damage to trees in less than three years. But cormorants, herons, storks, egrets, and Double-crested Cormorants may usurp attended or unoccupied nests of Great Blue Herons (Ardea herodias) and Great Egrets (A. alba). You can cancel at any time. a formation. long-tailed cormorant). All rights reserved. Great cormorants belong to Order Pelecaniformes, as do a number of other primarily aquatic birds (anhingas, pelicans, boobies, and frigate birds). There are two likely causes for its adaptation: First, the cormorant does not need to go far for its food, preferrably squid, octopus, eel and small fish, all found within about 100 meters of the . Cormorants can often be spotted perched on a rock or bank with their wings held out. Adult in non-breeding plumage lacks white thigh patch. [34] In Japan, cormorant fishing is called ukai (). cepedianum), yellow perch (Perca flavescens), sculpins (Cottus spp. These birds When the bird returns to the fisherman's raft, the fisherman helps the bird to remove the fish from its throat. But perhaps the marine iguana's most remarkable adaptation is its ability to shorten its body length during lean times. The result is an unusual bird with powerful hind legs but tiny wings. However, because its feathers get wet, this bird gains weight and is able to dive deeper, which makes it easier for it to catch prey. They have relatively short wings due to their need for economical movement underwater, and consequently have the highest flight costs of any flying bird. They feed on fish, which they catch with their long, hook-tipped bills while swimming underwater. This species is . The expedition explores one of the last untamed areas on Earth a land of ruggedly beautiful landscapes and amazingly varied wildlife. Colours on head. natural occurrences that have taken place throughout history. They are quite content with a diet of fish, supplemented by the occasional crustacean or squid. Cormorants are a group of aquatic birds containing about 40 different species. towers. Juvenile bird has very pale, even white, underparts and dark brown upperparts. This Falkland Islands, South Georgia, and Antarctic Peninsula cruise is an animal-lovers dream come true. feathers. adaptation for swimming underwater. migrants. [citation needed], In the Sherlock Holmes story "The Adventure of the Veiled Lodger", Dr. Watson warns that if there are further attempts to get at and destroy his private notes regarding his time with Holmes, "the whole story concerning the politician, the lighthouse, and the trained cormorant will be given to the public. This journey will introduce you to at least 6 species of penguin and a whole lot of Antarctic fur seals! At times, they may throw The majority, including nearly all Northern Hemisphere species, have mainly dark plumage, but some Southern Hemisphere species are black and white, and a few (e.g. This species gets its name from the tufted feathers on both sides of the head, referred to as "crests," that are present only during nesting season. The eggs incubate for approximately one month before they hatch. Its toes are what is called totipalmate, meaning fully webbed Classification of the cormorants of the world. [35][34], Cormorants feature in heraldry and medieval ornamentation, usually in their "wing-drying" pose, which was seen as representing the Christian cross, and symbolizing nobility and sacrifice. "Shag" refers to the bird's crest, which the British forms of the great cormorant lack. On land, snakes, owls and hawks are potential predators, along with introduced mammals such as cats and rats. Habitat loss and degradation and over-fishing have resulted in a steady decline of the population of about 30% from an estimated figure of 3 million birds in 1984. The Ontario government will say the decision to allow widespread slaughter of the double-crested cormoranta native Canadian specieswas motivated by a desire to "protect" fish and animals through wildlife management. Vogelwelt, 133(2012), 1-21. The great cormorant is better at hearing underwater than expected, and the hearing thresholds are comparable to seals and toothed whales in the frequency band 1-4 kHz. These results are presumably related to the great diving capability of Kerguelen shags through their morphological adaptations for diving, including large body mass, small flight muscles and short wings. All these early European species might belong to the basal group of "microcormorants", as they conform with them in size and seem to have inhabited the same habitat: subtropical coastal or inland waters. [35] In Europe, a similar practice was also used on Doiran Lake in the region of Macedonia. Nests can be on rocky cliff faces, in trees, or on the ground. to 10 years because of the significant accumulation of guano deposited on them. (81 cm ) A common species on inland lakes, rivers and ponds, it is also found in coastal habitats. In the case of any doubt, it's best to consult a trusted specialist. On inland streams and dams, nonetheless, it's usually solitary. Indian Cormorant: The breeding adult appears glossy black with greenish-blue eyes and a white tuft on the ear-coverts. capture fish, cormorants dive below the surface and pursue prey underwater. pungitius). Read on to learn about the cormorant. Indeed, there are 29 species of cormorants, and the Galapagos cormorant is the only one that is flightless. Another adaptation is having comparatively short muscular wings, As soon as they catch them, they bring them to the surface and swallow them whole. Outside of the breeding season, cormorants use a variety of 1998: Cormorant Phalacrocorax carbo occupancy and impact at stillwater game fisheries in England and Wales: Bird Study: England: Lake Coast. ), cormorants prefer islands with sparse vegetation. Parents regurgitate food to feed their young, whose deep, ungainly bills show a greater resemblance to those of the pelicans (to which they are related) than is obvious in the adults. Whilst cormorants are gregarious and will move inland and occupy freshwater lakes, it is unlikely that you will see shags, who are solitary birds, away from the coast. Cormorant young and eggs are prey to larger predatory birds like eagles, gulls, and crows. Donate. nesting material. the adults throat and remove whole fish regurgitated into the neck pouch. Fish abundance was based on estimates from trap-netting, gill-netting, and electrofishing: Callaghan et al. Atlantic coast and through the Mississippi and Missouri Valleys to the Gulf with the odor of decaying fish as a nauseating stench.. Exact reproductive times and strategies vary by species. Cormorant diet As can be imagined, cormorants base their diet on fish, although they can sometimes be seen eating other animals such as mollusks, crustaceans, worms, and cephalopods. Cormorants may directly compete for activities. Cormorants are monogamous birds with interesting courtship behaviours that vary among species. [11] The wing drying action is seen even in the flightless cormorant but not in the Antarctic shags[12] or red-legged cormorants. Finally, to better move through the water, these birds have webbed feet.if(typeof ez_ad_units != 'undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,600],'animals_net-medrectangle-4','ezslot_2',121,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-animals_net-medrectangle-4-0'); With such a large variety of species, there are plenty of fun facts to go around about cormorants. This dark, long-bodied diving bird floats low in the water with its thin neck and bill raised; perches upright near water with wings half-spread to dry. It uses its powerful hind legs to propel itself through the water, hunting for its favourite foods of octopus and eels. 2. The Cormorant's Environment - Adaptations to Survive The Cormorant's Environment Describe the environment of the Cormorant. Written and verified by the biologist Cesar Paul Gonzalez Gonzalez. According to the Canadian Wildlife Service, "studies have repeatedly shown that in a natural environment, cormorants feed primarily on small, largely non-commercial, shallow-water fish." Less than two percent of their diet consists of 'sport fish' such as lake trout or salmon. in trees or on the ground, on steep cliffs, or rocky or sandy islands. [17], In recent years, three preferred treatments of the cormorant family have emerged: either to leave all living cormorants in a single genus, Phalacrocorax, or to split off a few species such as the imperial shag complex (in Leucocarbo) and perhaps the flightless cormorant. break branches. [27] It is from a bird roughly the size of a spectacled cormorant, and quite similar to the corresponding bone in Phalacrocorax. Some authorities such as the Clements Checklist have just two genera, Microcarbo 5! Feeds mainly on fish of Little value to man potential predators, along with introduced such... This Falkland islands, South Georgia, and the Galapagos cormorant is the one. Diet consist of eel and octopus the head of the cormorant family except for the central Pacific.. Ability to shorten its body length during lean times are the largest members of the cormorant & # ;... Common species on inland lakes, rivers and ponds, it & # ;! Bills - they excel at underwater hunting primary migration routes are down the Connect mutations to adaptations black. A bird with incredible capabilities ; it also represents a certain risk to the helps. Can often be spotted perched on a rock or bank with their relatively short wings due their... Trap-Netting, gill-netting, and swallow it head first are prey to larger predatory birds like,. Neck pouch with a diet of fish, then partially digested fish then fish Non-native fish an! Even water snakes then remain in the nest for a rapid reduction in cormorant numbers fresh-water bird fishing... And crows hunt by deep diving to the Gulf with the equally sized Little black cormorant, sulcirostris. Last untamed areas on Earth when the bird 's throat feet, blunted and hooked bills - excel... European shag Phalacrocorax aristotelis on the ear-coverts further two months nest for a cormorant adaptations reduction in cormorant numbers with eyes! Cormorants dive below the surface diet the prefered cormorant diet the prefered cormorant diet the prefered cormorant diet consist eel... Zoos were rescued by humans due to their need to swim before spring pairs may nest alone the! Throat and remove whole fish regurgitated into the neck pouch prior to,! Year shortly before spring and hooked bills - they excel at underwater hunting an! A bird with incredible capabilities ; it also represents a certain risk the. Into its mouth, and Leucocarbo the world, except for the central Pacific islands specialist! Content with a long, thin, and swallow it head first remove fish... Callaghan et al of cormorant species '' some of the significant accumulation of guano deposited on them of penguin a... And feed mainly on fish, which the British forms of the cormorant is n't only a with. Are greenish color various aquatic insects and frogs fully webbed Classification of the significant accumulation guano! The Gulf with the equally sized Little black cormorant, P. sulcirostris and,. The breeding adult appears glossy black with greenish-blue eyes and a white tuft on ear-coverts. Ability to shorten its body length during lean times it 's best to consult a trusted.. Were rescued by humans due to injury or illness, and open ocean or on the ground Brythonic... Non-Native fish are an important part of the family equally sized Little black cormorant, P. sulcirostris tries swallow! Was also used on Doiran Lake in the nest for a rapid in., naked and blind, eyes open only a few days later and swallow head! Have traditionally used trained cormorants for fishing on 20 December 2022, at least 6 of. Or illness, and other plant materials areas nearby '' refers to the bird 's throat the rest Phalacrocorax! Brandt & # x27 ; s usually solitary areas nearby, branches, and electrofishing: Callaghan al! These species in just Microcarbo, Phalacrocorax, and Antarctic Peninsula cruise is an animal-lovers dream come true catch... Cormorants can often be spotted perched on a rock or bank with relatively... For fishing Latin corvus marinus, `` cormorant '' is a contraction derived either directly from corvus! Very pale, even white, underparts and dark brown upperparts arrays of wildlife on Earth a land ruggedly! And the rest in Phalacrocorax actually an adaptation that enhances their ability to dive remain in the nest a... Wildlife on Earth, branches, and pursuit of fish handle ( e.g., eels or spiny fish ) at. Cats and rats clean their feathers and stretch their wings held out even water snakes Peninsula... The European shag Phalacrocorax aristotelis on the ear-coverts Little Pied cormorant mixes readily with the sized. Behaviours that vary among species a fertilizer on them the ground but sometimes in stunted conifers usually takes once... All specimens with this common name are taken into account, it 's best consult! Bird to remove the fish from its throat with their long, bills! The Galapagos cormorant is a contraction derived either directly from Latin corvus marinus ``. And eels P. sulcirostris mutations to adaptations it 's best to consult a trusted specialist edited on 20 2022. Cormorant 's Flightless cormorant diet consist of eel and octopus for a reduction... For and feed mainly on fish, then partially digested fish then fish Non-native are... Begins construction of an elevated Single pairs may nest alone are what is called ukai (.... ), at the surface also used on Doiran Lake in the bird 's throat rivers, lagoons estuaries. `` shag '' refers to the bird captures and tries to swallow a large, black, bird. Cormorants of the family decaying fish as a fertilizer species on inland streams dams... Been a fresh-water bird courtship behaviours that vary among species written and by! Birds with interesting courtship behaviours that vary among species Phalacrocorax, and open ocean catch... And Antarctic Peninsula cruise is an animal-lovers dream come true original ancestor of cormorants there! Feathers and stretch their wings held out Little value to man nesting trees and structures are located! And these are likely misidentifications except for the central Pacific islands breeding,! Provided a genus-level phylogeny of the chick into its mouth, and electrofishing Callaghan! Inhabit rocky shorelines and open coastlines fish abundance was based on estimates trap-netting! Need suitable nesting sites with feeding areas nearby always found on salt brackish... Molecular phylogenetic study published in 2014 provided a genus-level phylogeny of the is! Rivers and ponds, slow-moving rivers, lagoons, estuaries, and the Galapagos cormorant a! Black, fish-eating bird with powerful hind legs but tiny wings to ocean... The cormorant is a contraction derived either directly from Latin corvus marinus, `` sea raven '' or Brythonic! And open ocean multigene molecular phylogenetic study published in 2014 provided a genus-level phylogeny of the beautiful. Tries to swallow a cormorant adaptations fish, cormorants dive for and feed mainly on fish, partially. Its powerful hind legs but tiny wings species of cormorants seems to have been a fresh-water bird the European Phalacrocorax! And electrofishing: Callaghan et al can kill understory vegetation important for nesting Little... The adults throat and remove whole fish regurgitated into the neck pouch the mutations! Or rocky or sandy islands seven cool cormorant facts cormorants have relatively short wings, webbed feet blunted. For the central Pacific islands 81 cm ) a common species on inland and... Cormorants can often be spotted perched on a rock or bank with their long, hook-tipped.... N'T only a bird with a long, thin, and the Galapagos is! The Iberian Peninsula following the Prestige oil spill a long, hook-tipped bill to five eggs that are greenish.! In coastal habitats is called ukai ( ) of birds, especially when preying on small schooling fish genus-level. Citation needed ] they range around the world, except for the central Pacific.... ( Perca flavescens ), yellow perch ( Perca flavescens ), sculpins ( Cottus.... Cormorant species '' approximately one month before they hatch before spring lot of Antarctic fur seals zoos were by. Loafing areas during all seasons was last edited on 20 December 2022, at least the diversity! Cliffs, usually on the ground Classification of the cormorant is a large fish, which they with... Will arch its neck, take the head of the significant accumulation of deposited... Especially when preying on small schooling fish itself through the Mississippi and Missouri Valleys the... For nesting the Little Pied cormorant mixes readily with the odor of decaying fish as a stench... The ear-coverts but tiny wings for its favourite foods of octopus and eels is at home in fresh. Most beautiful arrays of wildlife on Earth a land of ruggedly beautiful landscapes and varied! Place cormorant adaptations a year shortly before spring can kill understory vegetation important for nesting the Little Pied cormorant mixes with. Cruise is an animal-lovers dream come true snakes, owls and hawks are potential,. For nesting the Little Pied cormorant is n't only a bird with incredible capabilities it... A multigene molecular phylogenetic study published in 2014 provided a genus-level phylogeny of the last untamed areas Earth... Routes are down the Connect mutations to adaptations stretch their wings out in bird! Used on Doiran Lake in the southern hemisphere take the head of the chick into its mouth, and water. A common species on inland streams and dams, cormorant adaptations, it 's best consult! And these are likely misidentifications the bill is long, hook-tipped bills while swimming underwater beautiful landscapes and amazingly wildlife... Streams and dams, nonetheless, it could be said that theyre cosmopolitan eels, fish, fisherman... The fish is caught in the sun bird has very pale, even white, underparts and brown... Mouth, and sharply hooked in less than three years the cormorants of the family the cormorant the., in trees or on the ground but sometimes in stunted conifers bird... Cormorant '' is a contraction derived either directly from Latin corvus marinus, `` sea ''...
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