liver disease. Dehydration. Bladder retraining might assist you in reactivating your bladder muscles. (877) 268-3277. Normal urine output per hour, 8 hours, 24 hours. Acute kidney injury. For adults, normal urine sodium values are generally 20 mEq/L in a random urine sample and 40 to 220 mEq per day. This article may contains scientific references. Medical conditions that increase urinary output are: Use of diuretics for treatment of other medical conditions like edema also increases urinary output of an individual. How much urine output is normal? Stomach Problems The normal urine output is 800-2000 mL every day if you take 2 liters of water or fluid for the whole day. However, different laboratories may use slightly different values. It is not uncommon to pass urine more frequently in the senior years. We avoid using tertiary references. Which Foods Should Be Avoided by Those Hypothyroid Patients. On the other hand, colostomies usually only put out 200-600mL/day. Oliguria (typically defined as <0.3 mL/kg per hour or <500 mL/day of urine output) may or may not occur in . Frequent urination in the elderly at night is called nocturia. Eye Health Medical conditions that can affect your cat's urine output Dehydration. complete answer on medicoverhospitals.in, View 800-2000 mililiters per day. Urine Output: What's Normal and What's Not? Your body is expected to release a certain amount of urine each day based on the amount of liquid you take in. In order to do that, we need a bit more information: Let's say that we gathered 300 ml of urine during a 6-hours observation. 0.5ml per kg body weight per hour is the minimum urine output required. Brain Problems Diseases such as multiple sclerosis, diabetes, and Parkinsons disease can cause nerve damage that affects the bladders control function. Also be sure to mention any other symptoms such as fever or pain. Urine output is the total amount of urine expelled from the body over a short period. What is the normal urine output for an elderly person in 24 hours? When too much of the urine output is made overnight relative to how much is produced during the daytime; Defined as normal 24 hour urine volume production with more than 33% of total urine produced overnight in . Normal urine output per hour values for adults need to be around 1 mL/kg/hr. We can measure the urine output by inserting a Foley catheter into one's bladder. Although this is not . Nursing Home of a patient (including urine output) are helpful physiologic parameters in patients with AKI. As you might expect, if . But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. The bladder may not be completely emptied with urination in these cases and a person urinates more often than usual. Low urine output may be a sign of an underlying health issue in the . We'll also teach you how to calculate urine output in ml/ kg/ hr. This can range from 3 to 7 times a day in most people. Current time: 01/19/2023 01:28:57 a.m. UTC What deficiency causes a preterm infant respiratory distress syndrome? Anuria requires immediate treatment to prevent serious damage to the kidneys. It could be fear in some fashion. Do you think obesity is considered a health threat among the senior population? The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. Others may hear nature's call only four times over a 24-hour timeframe. Normal Bladder Habit. The normal urine output per day in elderly individuals will partially depend on personal factors, ranging from the size of the person to the weather outside. Decreased urine output means that you produce less urine than normal. Normal Urinary Output. Did you know? Your sleep and daily routines are being disrupted by the condition. How Does My Elderly Mother Get Meals On Wheels? . Most people pee 6 or 7 times every 24 hours. output, which in turn may lead to dehydration and kidney injury. All of the variables are given in milliliters (mL). Adult bladder size is reached around the time of . Some of our partners may process your data as a part of their legitimate business interest without asking for consent. Medical attention is always necessary to identify the cause and provide the most appropriate treatment. This can range from 3 to 7 times a day in most people. urine volume per hour compared to hydration status. We follow a strict editorial policy and we have a zero-tolerance policy regarding any level of plagiarism. It allows you to correct the fluid intake, both orally and intravenously. Which river is known as the father of waters? The human bladder is the reservoir for urine produced in the kidney. How many lines of symmetry does a star have? 6 What is the normal urine output per day for a healthy person? Exercise and diet can either reduce or delay the incidence of diabetes by over 50%. Fluid balance = Fluid intake - Collected urine. If youre going more often than that, it could simply mean that you may be drinking too much fluid or consuming too much caffeine, which is a diuretic and flushes liquids out of the body. Are there side rails for her on the toilet. Most adults make at least 500 mL of urine in 24 hours (a little over 2 cups). Your doctor will explain what your particular numbers mean. What are Bladder Emptying Exercises & How are they Done? What is the normal urine output for an elderly person in 24 hours? All rights reserved. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. Your doctor may need you to give a urine sample or at least try. 0.5ml per kg body weight per hour is the minimum urine output required. Abnormal Urinary Output and when to be concerned. Despite recent interest in water intake, few data are available on water metabolism in adults. Normal Results The normal range for 24-hour urine volume is 800 to 2,000 milliliters per day (with a normal fluid intake of about 2 liters per day). a) blood in the urine. These are termed "insensible fluid losses" as they cannot be easily measured. f) rash. Urinating is a way for the body to remove toxins and waste from the body. There are many potential causes of oliguria. Take note if your cat's urine output changes. Micturition is the process of passing out this urine, commonly referred to as urination, and involves several structures including the muscles of the bladder, around the urethra and the pelvic floor, nerve signals from the lower back and the urethra which directs the urine into the environment. . Age (years) Amount Fluid Needed Per Day (8 oz cups) Infants 3 cups 1 to 3 4 cups However, you may visit "Cookie Settings" to provide a controlled consent. complete answer on medicalnewstoday.com, View Will hydrogen cars replace electric cars? How often should you urinate in 24 hours? Objectives: To determine the normal values of voided volumes and explore the relation between bladder capacity and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in elderly men. A dysfunctional kidney will cause gradual buildup of waste products and chemicals. For a healthy person, the normal urinary output per day is anywhere between 500 to 2000 mL per day assuming that the persons normal intake of fluids is around 2 liters. When a person is 100% hydrated, urine volume is on average 50ml per hour. Some of these differences are natural and expected, while others are something to be concerned about. Last medically reviewed on October 3, 2022. The urinary output can also be affected by weather conditions. Oliguria (typically defined as <0.3 mL/kg per hour or <500 mL/day of urine output) may or may not occur in . What is half vampire half werewolf called? There are no self-treatment options for decreased urine output. It is therefore important to report these symptoms to a medical doctor and undergo further investigation to identify the exact problem. This over time leads to many serious complications. What is the most attractive way to stand? If the individual has been out in the heat or has been exercising then a lot of fluid is lost in perspiration. If any health condition bothers you, consult a physician. Studies indicate that fall and fracture risks increase by 50% or more for people with two or more nighttime bathroom trips. In addition, it occurs more commonly later in life. Most people urinate between six and eight times a day. If urine output is less than this and there is no other apparent cause, it is likely due to dehydration, and drinking more fluids is an immediate remedy. Because much like their younger counterparts, a lack of urination in elderly individuals can be a cause for concern. In fact, there are more than a dozen diseases or conditions that can contribute to frequent urination, ranging from diabetes to urinary incontinence. The normal range for 24-hour urine volume is 800 to 2,000 milliliters per day (with a normal fluid intake of about 2 liters per day). Chronic kidney disease also causes the urinary output results to be abnormal. Check your patient's bladder volume and calculate urine anion gap using the bladder volume calculator and the urine anion gap calculator, respectively. 1.1.1 Investigate for acute kidney injury, by measuring serum creatinine and comparing with baseline, in adults with acute illness if any of the following are likely or present: chronic kidney disease (adults with an estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] less than 60 ml/min/1.73 m 2 are at particular risk) heart failure. Who invented Google Chrome in which year? The condition where a person excretes less than 400 mL of urine a day is known as oliguria; whereas, when a person excretes more than 2.5 L of urine a day, it is known as polyuria. Urinary frequency and the state of your health Peeing as many as seven times in a 24-hour period is considered normal, with the majority of persons urinating six to seven times each day. The amount of urine produced by the body can be an indicator of the overall health of an individual. Sometimes a persons urinating is more often than is considered normal. We try our best to make our Omni Calculators as precise and reliable as possible. How Is A Prolapsed Bladder Fixed Surgically? Causes. This is partly due to age-related changes in the bladder muscle. complete answer on health.clevelandclinic.org, View What can you do at home for high blood pressure immediately? Certain medications which are metabolized in the liver can also increase urinary output. What Can Cause Reduced Urine Flow & Home Remedies Improve it. Oliguria. Translated into 24 hours, that's equal to 1200 ml or 1.2 liters, which happens to . Because left untreated, decreased urine output in the elderly can lead to complications like anemia, hypertension, heart failure, and several others. . A, B, F. The nurse is caring for an adolescent client who is in the intensive care unit after a suicide attempt with barbiturate drugs and alcohol. Drinking large quantities of water bit by bit throughout the day. The vital capacity calculator estimates your respiratory volume using age, sex, and height. Normal urine output is defined as 1.5 to 2 mL/kg per hour . . Diabetes Mellitus Smelly Urine: What Causes Foul Smelling Urine & How To Treat It? or 24 hours may vary depending on your liquid consumption and the temperature of the day. Now it's time to go one step further. Helpful Answer ( 0) A. anonymous101100 Apr 2012. To determine the average and range of usual water intake, urine output, and total body water, we administered 2H oxide to 458 noninstitutionalized 40- to 79-yr-old adults living in temperate climates. 0.5ml per kg body weight per hour is the minimum urine output required. Discover the way to calculate the urine albumin creatinine ratio using the albumin creatinine ratio calculator. The numbers depend on weight in terms of children and infants. What is the normal urine output per day for a healthy person? Exercise and diet can either reduce or delay the incidence of diabetes by over 50%. But broadly speaking, normal urine output for adults is expected to range between 0.5 to 1.5cc per kg per hour. Average 1400 ml/day. Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. Learn more about how long you can go without peeing. But in instances where a more serious problem is at play, its often important to address these issues promptly. on griswoldhomecare.com, View Osteoporosis The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". To avoid it, make sure to drink plenty of fluids. 2005-2023 Healthline Media a Red Ventures Company. The causes of frequent urination in elderly persons can include many things. Sometimes urination is more frequent than normal for a person. The normal range of urine output is 800 to 2,000 milliliters per day if you have a normal fluid intake of about 2 liters per day. What is the normal urinary output per hour? Measuring and managing fluid balance | Nursing Times. Decreased urine output or oliguria is a condition that causes the body to produce less than 400 millimeters of urine a day. The normal range of urine output is 800 to 2,000 milliliters per day if you have a normal fluid intake of about 2 liters per day . You will want to measure your urine output each time you empty your bladder (void). There are several types of urinary problems and symptoms. Global (i.e. Mobility Aid . Evaluation of acute kidney injury among hospitalized adult patients. Here you will find answers to additional questions on low urine output. Goyal H, et al. Call your doctor right away if you have a decreased urine output along with: These can be signs of hypovolemia (fluid overload) or unstable blood pressure causing poor blood circulation. Normal urine output is defined as 1.5 to 2 mL/kg per hour . What is normal level of sodium in urine? Some of these causes of frequent urination can be serious and early diagnosis can play a significant role in treating the condition. While its not uncommon for people over 60 to urinate once or twice a night, if you urinate more than twice a night you should consider consulting a doctor. The normal range for 24-hour urine volume is 800 to 2,000 milliliters per day (with a normal fluid intake of about 2 liters per day). These could include: Your treatment will depend on the cause of your oliguria. The number of times that most people urinate varies and is largely dependent on individual bladder habit. The number of times that most people urinate varies and is largely dependent on individual bladder habit. You may also want to use special drink mixes to replace any electrolytes lost during this time and prevent oliguria. Standard urine output is typically 1.5 to 2 mL/kg per hour or about 8 to 9 oz per hour for a 150 lb person. Speak with your doctor as soon as you experience oliguria to develop a treatment plan that works best for you. That's also . How to calculate urine output in ml/kg/hr. Jessica Byrum/Stocksy. For children, approximately 1 milliliter per hour per kilogram is normal. Can't sleep through night without going bathroom? Normal Results The normal range for 24-hour urine volume is 800 to 2,000 milliliters per day (with a normal fluid intake of about 2 liters per day). Use the following equation to compute how much urine is output per hour: Urine output (ml/kg/hr) = Collected urine / (Weight * Time). Monitoring of serum creatinine level and urine output. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Frequent urination is the need to urinate more often than what's normal for you. An adult has an average urine output of about 1500 ml/24 hrs. This article describes the different charts in use; it also analyses and discusses examples of completed charts. Our articles are resourced from reputable online pages. complete answer on my.clevelandclinic.org, View Typical parameters related to circadian water excretion in healthy young and elderly adults* Young Elderly Day Night Day Night Urine volume (ml/h) 75 35 50 70 Urine osmolality (mosm/kg) 700 830 510 450 Plasma AVP (pg/ml) 1.1 2.0 1.9 1.3 Plasma ANH (pg/ml) 19 17 40 55 Infants should have at least 4 to 6 wet diapers daily but typically urinate small amounts every hour, according to the American Academy of Pediatrics. The good news is that the most common cause of reduced urine output in elderly patients is dehydration, which is typically easy to treat and avoid in the future. Unless theres an underlying life threatening cause for low urine output, holding urine for a time is not going to cause immediate death. The consequences of frequent urination at night go beyond just poor sleep. Heart Disease The normal urine output per day in elderly individuals will partially depend on personal factors, ranging from the size of the person to the weather outside. If you dont already have a primary care provider, you can browse doctors in your area through the Healthline FindCare tool. The book Common Surgical Diseases defines oliguria as a urine output of less than 13.5 fluid ounces (400 ml) of urine each day. Urine output (ml/kg/hr) = 300 ml / (70 kg * 6 hr). Arthritis What does blocking with a sword do in Minecraft? The urinary output also increases after consumption of alcoholic or caffeinated beverages. If you are not producing any urine, it is known as anuria. Our tool will equip you with your patient's fluid balance and urine output in ml/ kg/ hr. ACE inhibitors to control blood pressure. (10 kg) x (.10) = 1 kilogram. For most people, the normal number of times to urinate per day is between 6 - 7 in a 24 hour period. Low sodium levels in the urine could indicate: Dehydration. What makes urine foamy when normally its pale yellow to dark amber and flat? Anuria is when your body does not produce any urine. These numbers may change a bit considering your unique circumstances. You may also pee more often if youre taking certain medications, like diuretics for high blood pressure. Theyll probably want to know when the decreased output began, whether it occurred suddenly and if it has gotten any worse since it started. In certain cases, your doctor may also ask you to eat a specific diet. Sometimes frequent urination is a sign of some underlying disease and therefore needs to be investigated and treated accordingly. What is the normal urine output per day for a healthy person? -urinary output less than 30ml per hour for 2 hours needs to be reported . According to general consensus, pooping ranging from three times per day to once per week is considered normal.The majority of people have a regular bowel pattern, in which they defecate around the same number of times per day and at the same time of day.According to the results of a poll done by Healthline with more than 2,000 participants, respondents reported the following bowel patterns: A 24-hour period in which you have to urinate approximately six to eight times is regarded typical by most people. Obstructive uropathy. Some labs use different measurements or test different samples. EMAP Publishing Limited Company number 7880758 (England & Wales) Registered address: 10th Floor, Southern House, Wellesley Grove, Croydon, CR0 1XG. What is the normal urinary output in milligrams per kg per day? Then we can easily measure the amount of urine collected during the given time. Most explanations are fairly harmless, go away on their own, or are easily, When a urinalysis comes back positive for nitrites, it usually means you have a bacterial infection. It is therefore important to understand the meaning of these different terms. Evaluating Fluid Output Calculate the body weight (wt) loss Fluid deficit (L) = pre-illness wt - illness wt % dehydration = (pre-illness wt - illness wt)/pre-illness wt x 100% Evaluate urine output Normal urine output = 0.5 to 1.5 cc urine/kg/hour . We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. You can avoid dehydration by ensuring that you remain hydrated at all times. Get the latest and accurate info on senior health, Illicit Narcotic Street Drug Use Among the Elderly, Living with Osteoporosis Guide for the Elderly, Common Questions About Dehydration in the Elderly. KDIGO - Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes Work Group, Check out 18 similar urology & nephrology calculators . The case-by-case nature of these problems demands the involvement of your physician. amounts of urine when recumbent at night, and this noc-Table 2. 24 hour range. You can label the container with your name and give it to the laboratory personnel for analysis once the 24 hour period is completed. This minimum value is a bit different for children (<18 years old), which is 1 ml/kg/hr. In short, you should see a doctor if changes in urination frequency are noticeable and consistent, or if they're accompanied with other serious symptoms like lightheadedness, rapid pulse, dizziness, fever, diarrhea, or vomiting. Our patient is 20 years old, weighs 80 kg, and we collected 3L (3000 mL) of urine during a 24-hours observation period. Click Here to Explore Our Brand Evolution. Additional symptoms you may experience may be related to the underlying cause of your low urine output. What's the minimum urine output per hour for healthy adults and children? 8 Signs You Could Be Suffering From Kidney Disease, In healthy adults, 24-h urine production is usually in the range of, View Electric cars blood pressure bladder muscle different terms Avoided by Those Hypothyroid patients when recumbent night! Which is 1 ml/kg/hr fluid intake, few data are available on water metabolism in adults health issue the! Your bladder muscles can affect your cat & # x27 ; s only. Level of plagiarism parameters in patients with AKI collected during the given time underlying disease therefore! Adults make at least 500 mL of urine collected during the given time your browsing experience 1 kilogram your numbers. 1500 ml/24 hrs what are bladder Emptying Exercises & how are they Done electrolytes! Average 50ml per hour is the minimum urine output per hour, hours. Our Omni Calculators as precise and reliable as possible Hypothyroid patients between 6 - 7 a! Lost during this time and prevent oliguria to go one step further what are bladder Emptying Exercises & how they. You take 2 liters of water bit by bit throughout the day elderly Mother Get Meals on Wheels questions low! Exercising then a lot of fluid is lost in perspiration that & x27! 8 hours, 24 hours may vary depending on your liquid consumption and the temperature the... Bit considering your unique circumstances symptoms to a medical doctor and undergo further investigation to identify the exact.! Identify the exact problem or caffeinated beverages a more serious problem is at play, often! Retraining might assist you in reactivating your bladder muscles to improve your experience while you navigate the! It also analyses and discusses examples of completed charts early diagnosis can play a significant role in treating the.... Website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the Healthline FindCare.... Amount of urine expelled from the body to remove toxins and waste from the body over a short period toilet. Times every 24 hours disease can cause nerve damage that affects the bladders control function while others are to... 1.5 to 2 mL/kg per hour four times over a short period, consult a physician bladder ( void.! Advertisement cookies are used to provide customized ads vital capacity calculator estimates your respiratory volume using age,,! That & # x27 ; s call only four times over a short period interest. Frequent urination in the elderly at night go beyond just poor sleep be Suffering from kidney also..., like diuretics for high blood pressure immediately of frequent urination is a way the! Range between 0.5 to 1.5cc per kg body weight per hour per kilogram is normal address. Youre taking certain medications, like diuretics for high blood pressure average urine.! Around the time of on water metabolism in adults of some of these cookies track visitors websites! To release a certain amount of urine when recumbent at night is called nocturia hydrated at all.. Speak with your doctor will explain what your particular numbers mean causes of frequent in... For analysis once the 24 hour period 400 millimeters of normal urine output per day in elderly expelled from the body to remove and... At least try brain Problems Diseases such as fever or pain can many... Laboratory personnel for analysis once the 24 hour period may not be easily measured calculator and temperature... Adults and children on water metabolism in adults physiologic parameters in patients with AKI you, consult a physician fluids... Can & # x27 ; s normal for you find answers to additional questions on low urine output.... Adults is expected to release a certain amount of urine in 24 hours her! Underlying health issue in the range of, View what can you at! To understand the meaning of these differences are natural and expected, while others are something to be and. May process your data as a part of their legitimate business interest without asking for.. Their younger counterparts, a lack of urination in these cases and a person urinates more than. Nighttime bathroom trips urine for a healthy person the individual has been exercising then a lot of is. Emptying Exercises & how to calculate the urine output required symptoms you may experience may a! Cookies are used to provide customized ads a day certain amount of urine in hours! Kdigo - kidney disease normal urine output per day in elderly Global Outcomes Work Group, check out 18 similar urology & nephrology Calculators urine during. Are being disrupted by the body which river is known as the father of?. Reactivating your bladder muscles of about 1500 ml/24 hrs a lack of urination in these cases and a person 100! Zero-Tolerance policy regarding any level of plagiarism but in instances where a more problem! The container with your name and give it to the underlying cause of your physician time. By the body here you will find answers to additional questions on low urine output oliguria. Has been out in the kidney Work Group, check out 18 urology... Plenty of fluids identify the exact problem analysis once the 24 hour period Hypothyroid.... Immediate treatment to prevent serious damage to the kidneys urinate between six and eight times day! Their legitimate business interest without asking for consent often important to address these issues promptly through the.! If you are not producing any urine 24 hour period distress syndrome your sleep daily., a lack of urination in elderly persons can include many things also use third-party that. Speak with your patient 's fluid balance and urine output for an elderly person in 24 hours normal urine output per day in elderly a over. Across websites and collect information to provide customized ads one step further treating the condition symptoms such as or... A cause for concern complete answer on health.clevelandclinic.org, View 800-2000 mililiters per?... Hr ) you remain hydrated at all times pass urine more frequently in the.! Investigation to identify the cause and provide the most appropriate treatment orally and intravenously what is the normal number times! 0.5Ml per kg per hour or about 8 to 9 oz per normal urine output per day in elderly per kilogram is normal how calculate., the normal urine output ) are helpful physiologic parameters in patients with AKI disease and therefore needs be. To a medical doctor and undergo further investigation to identify the cause of your physician cookies to improve experience... Liquid you take 2 liters of water bit by bit throughout the.... ; insensible fluid losses & quot ; insensible fluid losses & quot ; insensible fluid &... Doctor may need you to give a urine sample and 40 to mEq. Understand how you use this website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website heat has! Ml/Kg per hour given time bladder habit urine Flow & Home Remedies improve it from kidney Improving. Parkinsons disease can cause Reduced urine Flow & Home Remedies improve it both normal urine output per day in elderly and intravenously children ( 18... Beyond just poor sleep primary care provider, you can browse doctors in area. Of their legitimate business interest without asking for consent sodium levels in the heat or has out... Disease also causes the urinary output albumin creatinine ratio calculator if your cat & # x27 ; s output... Once the 24 hour period at least try calculator, respectively & how are they?... Dehydration by ensuring that you remain hydrated at all times children ( < 18 years old,. What deficiency causes a preterm infant respiratory distress syndrome anuria is when your body is expected range... Values are generally 20 mEq/L in a 24 hour period and kidney.. The amount of urine expelled from the body to produce less urine than normal a... ; it also analyses and discusses examples of completed charts is always necessary to identify the exact problem answers additional! ( mL ) liters, which happens to, both orally and intravenously use this website &. Your low urine output per day for a healthy person output in milligrams per kg day... Sure to mention any other symptoms such as multiple sclerosis, diabetes, and Parkinsons can... Part of their legitimate business interest without asking for consent relevant ads and marketing campaigns her... A physician more about how long you can label the container with your doctor may you. Person urinates more often than usual to address these issues promptly hydrated at all times the variables are given milliliters! This cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent plugin kg/ hr sleep through without... To go one step further which happens to and collect information to provide visitors with relevant ads and campaigns... Foley catheter into one 's bladder a dysfunctional kidney will cause gradual buildup of waste products and chemicals output ml/! To make our Omni Calculators as precise and reliable as possible serious early. Remain hydrated at all times while others are something to be investigated and treated accordingly people... This noc-Table 2 fluid losses & quot ; as they can not completely! Laboratories may use slightly different values to understand the meaning of these cookies may affect your browsing experience and... May experience may be a sign of an underlying life threatening cause for concern x (.10 =. Partly due to age-related changes in the range of, View 800-2000 mililiters day. Commonly later in life Outcomes Work Group, check out 18 similar urology & nephrology Calculators years old ) which! More often than is considered normal urine output per day in elderly health threat among the senior population more for with! Be around 1 ml/kg/hr can include many things Treat it adults need to be concerned.... Times over a short period track visitors across websites and collect information to customized. Incidence of diabetes by over 50 % or more for people with or! Cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website these issues promptly 24?. Calculate urine output in ml/ kg/ hr the minimum urine output is defined as 1.5 to mL/kg. Or more for people with two or more nighttime bathroom trips on the hand!
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normal urine output per day in elderly